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Children with community-acquired pneumonia often receive diagnostic testing and antibiotic therapy despite publication of guidelines against their routine use in 2011

Diagnostic Testing, Antibiotics Overused in Pediatric CAP

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Chest radiography ordered in 43 percent, antibiotics prescribed in 73.9 percent of community-acquired pneumonia visits
Zerbaxa (ceftolozane and tazobactam) has been approved for a new indication to treat hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia in patients aged 18 years and older

Zerbaxa Approved for Hospital-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

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Drug previously approved for treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections, UTIs
Antiepileptic drug use may increase the risk for pneumonia in patients with Alzheimer disease

AEDs Tied to Higher Pneumonia Risk in Alzheimer Patients

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Risk for pneumonia highest within first month of antiepileptic drug use but persists through two years
Recommending pneumococcal vaccination for all 50-year-olds prevents the most disease in underserved minorities and the general population

Pneumococcal Vaccination at Age 50 Prevents the Most Disease

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But cost of giving pneumococcal vaccines to all 50-year-olds exceeds $250,000 per QALY
Omadacycline is noninferior to moxifloxacin for community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and noninferior to linezolid for acute bacterial skin infections

Omadacycline Noninferior to Moxifloxacin for Pneumonia

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Second study shows noninferiority to linezolid for acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections
Prescribed opioids are associated with an increased risk for community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization among persons with and without HIV

Rx Opioids Up Pneumonia Risk in Patients With, Without HIV

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Risk greatest with higher-dose opioids and opioids with immunosuppressive properties
The global incidence of child pneumonia and related mortality decreased substantially from 2000 to 2015

Child Pneumonia Rate Dropped Globally From 2000 to 2015

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Number of clinical pneumonia episodes in children <5 years reduced 22 percent in developing countries
While primary care physicians overwhelmingly recommend pneumococcal vaccines

Pneumococcal Vaccine Recs Cause Confusion Among Docs

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Survey finds variance in knowledge of adult pneumococcal vaccine recommendations
Announcement and implementation of the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program was not associated with increases in in-hospital or post-discharge mortality after acute myocardial infarction

No Increase in In-Hospital, Post-Discharge Death With HRRP

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No increase in mortality seen with Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program implementation
A negative chest radiograph accurately excludes pneumonia in the majority of children

Chest Radiograph Effective for Excluding Pediatric Pneumonia

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CXR had negative predictive value of 98.8 percent in children evaluated for suspected pneumonia