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When empirical antimicrobial therapy is initiated in patients with severe manifestations of sepsis

Initiating Empirical Tx for Sepsis Reduces Blood Culture Sensitivity

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12 percent difference seen in proportion of positive blood cultures before and after antimicrobial therapy
Hospital-level high-risk antibiotic use is associated with the risk for hospital-associated Clostridioides difficile infection

High-Risk Antibiotic Use Linked to Hospital-Associated C. Difficile

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High-risk antibiotic use independently predicts hospital-related Clostridioides difficile infection
Currently

New Anti-CRE Antibiotics Used for 35 Percent of Infections

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Ceftazidime-avibactam, meropenem-vaborbactam, plazomicin exceeded IV polymyxins as of Dec. 2018
Postprescription audit and review is a feasible and effective strategy for antimicrobial stewardship in community hospitals

PostRx Antimicrobial Stewardship Feasible in Community Hospitals

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Postprescription audit and review effective in settings with limited resources, expertise
Antibiotic prescriptions are associated with a higher risk for rheumatoid arthritis

Antibiotic Use Tied to Higher Risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Findings show a dose- or frequency-dependent association; all antibiotic classes linked to higher odds for RA
Oral antibiotic use is associated with an increased risk for colon cancer and a reduced risk for rectal cancer

Oral Antibiotic Use Linked to Risk for Colorectal Cancer

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Risk for colon cancer increased, risk for rectal cancer reduced in association with oral antibiotic use
More than 85 percent of patients with urinary tract infection receive antibiotics the same day and more than half are treated with trimethoprim

Most U.K. Patients With UTI Receive Antibiotics on Same Day

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Represcription rate at 28 days only 4.1 percent from 2011 to 2015; slight increase seen for men over time
Overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics is associated with increased mortality and other poor outcomes in adults admitted for community-onset pneumonia

Poor Pneumonia Outcomes Tied to Overuse of Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics

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Poor outcomes include higher mortality, longer hospital stay, and greater risk for C. difficile infection
Nonprescription antibiotic use appears to be prevalent in the United States

Nonprescription Antibiotic Use Seems Prevalent in the United States

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Review shows prevalence varies from 1 to 66 percent depending on population characteristics
For patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

CRP-Guided Testing Cuts Antibiotic Use in COPD Exacerbations

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Lower percentage of patients reported antibiotic use, received antibiotic prescriptions