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Early noninvasive ventilation does not reduce mortality compared with oxygen therapy alone for immunocompromised patients admitted to the intensive care unit with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure. These findings were published online Oct. 7 in the Journal of the American Medical Association to coincide with the annual meeting of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine

Early Noninvasive Ventilation Doesn’t Cut Mortality in ICU

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No reduction in mortality versus oxygen therapy alone for immunocompromised patients
Patients who undergo thyroidectomy are less likely to suffer complications if their surgeon performs many such surgeries each year

ACS: Complications, Costs Lower for High-Volume Surgeons

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Rates lower for surgeons performing 25 or more total thyroidectomies a year
For patients with traumatic brain injury

Hypothermia Doesn’t Cut Intracranial Pressure in TBI

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Therapeutic hypothermia plus standard care doesn't improve outcome over standard care alone
Upper-limb remote ischemic preconditioning is not beneficial for patients undergoing cardiac surgery

Upper-Limb Remote Preconditioning No Help in Cardiac Sx

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Two studies show no significant benefit for patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery
For intensive care unit (ICU) patients with fever due to probable infection

Acetaminophen Given Early Doesn’t Cut ICU Days

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No impact on number of ICU-free days in patients with fever due to probable infection
For patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty

Increased BMI Protective Against Blood Transfusions

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Findings among patients undergoing total hip, knee arthroplasty
A study of more than five million Swedish men and women suggests that greater height may mean greater risk of cancer. The findings were presented at the annual meeting of the European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology

Taller Individuals Appear More Likely to Develop Cancer

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Mortality association remains unclear
A new study has identified significant differences between non-small-cell lung cancer patients who smoke and those who don't. The findings were presented Sunday at the annual meeting of the European Respiratory Society

Differences Found in Smokers, Nonsmokers Who Develop NSCLC

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Nonsmokers more likely than smokers to be women and to have adenocarcinoma
Women who start hormone therapy toward the beginning of menopause may have a lower risk of developing coronary heart disease

Earlier HRT May Pose Lower CHD Risk for Menopausal Women

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Starting treatment around onset of menopause seems to lower threat to heart
Living near busy roads with high levels of air pollution raises lung transplant patients' risk of organ rejection and death

Air Pollution Tied to Poor Outcomes in Lung Transplant

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Increased risk of organ rejection, death, but macrolides seem to reduce risk