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February 2015 Briefing – Emergency Medicine

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Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Emergency Medicine for February 2015. This roundup includes the...
The prevalence of unrecognized chronic hepatitis C virus is high among baby boomers presenting to the emergency department

High Prevalence of HCV in Baby Boomers Presenting to ER

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Unrecognized HCV more likely among males, African-Americans, under/uninsured patients
Many U.S. politicians and media outlets hyped the threat of U.S. cases of Ebola last year

Dr. Craig Spencer Speaks Out About His Ebola Experience

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Says society needs to have faith in the science-based infection-control protocols developed
Given the increasing epidemic of obesity

Longer Needles Recommended for Epinephrine Autoinjectors

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In 68 percent of participants, skin-to-muscle depth was greater than autoinjector needle length
Young children are at increased risk of becoming seriously ill with pneumonia -- but unlike in years past

Incidence of Viral Pneumonia Up in Young Children

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66 percent of pneumonia cases in more than 2,000 children studied caused by viruses alone
Almost half a million Americans were infected with the bacteria Clostridium difficile in 2011

CDC: In U.S., Half Million C. Difficile Infections in 2011

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29,000 died within a month of diagnosis
Addicts' use of a powerful painkiller is driving a large HIV outbreak in Indiana

Use of Injected Opioid Tied to HIV Outbreak in Indiana

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Addicts using tainted needles to inject the prescription opioid oxymorphone
In 26 U.S. tuberculosis outbreaks the initial source case-patients had long incubation periods and were characterized by substance abuse

Characteristics of Tuberculosis Source Cases Identified

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Source-case patients have long infectious periods; most report substance abuse, homelessness, prison
Pediatricians have a role to play in identification and treatment of victims of child sex trafficking and commercial sexual exploitation of children

Essential Role for Pediatricians in Care of Sexual Exploitation Victims

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Roles can include working to increase recognition of commercial sexual exploitation of children
Younger women may ignore early warning signs of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI)

Younger Women Hesitate to Raise ‘False Alarm’ in MI

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Could help explain higher mortality from acute MI, compared to men in same age group