Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Pathology for August 2015. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.
Periodontal Disease Predicts CAC Progression in Type 1 Diabetes
MONDAY, Aug. 31, 2015 (HealthDay News) — In patients with type 1 diabetes, but not those without diabetes, periodontal disease duration is an independent predictor of long-term progression of coronary artery calcium (CAC), according to a study published in the Sept. 15 issue of The American Journal of Cardiology.
Nonalbuminuric CKD Ups Cardiovascular Morbidity in T1DM
MONDAY, Aug. 31, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Nonalbuminuric chronic kidney disease is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality, but not renal outcomes, in patients with type 1 diabetes, according to a study published online Aug. 26 in Diabetes Care.
Higher Frequency of BRCA Mutations Seen in Black Women
FRIDAY, Aug. 28, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Young black women have a higher rate of BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations than previously believed, according to a study published online Aug. 19 in Cancer.
Comprehensive Strategy IDs Mutation in Homologous Genes
FRIDAY, Aug. 28, 2015 (HealthDay News) — A comprehensive approach can improve molecular analysis of PMS2 for patients with Lynch syndrome, according to a study published online Aug. 27 in the Journal of Molecular Diagnostics.
Foot Site Independent Risk Factor for Melanoma Outcome
FRIDAY, Aug. 28, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Foot melanoma seems to represent a specific subgroup and is a negative independent prognostic factor for disease-specific survival and disease-free interval, according to a study published in the September issue of the International Journal of Dermatology.
AMA: Ruling Makes It Easier for Insurers to Terminate Doctors
FRIDAY, Aug. 28, 2015 (HealthDay News) — The outcome of a recent case regarding the termination of physicians by an insurance company following a dispute over the necessity of medical services provided has serious implications for physicians and their patients, according to a report published by the American Medical Association (AMA).
Antibiotic Use Linked to Higher Type 2 Diabetes Risk
FRIDAY, Aug. 28, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Taking antibiotics might increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, new research suggests. The study was published online Aug. 27 in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
Takayasu Arteritis, Ulcerative Colitis Co-Occurrence Rate High
FRIDAY, Aug. 28, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Takayasu arteritis (TAK) has a high rate of co-occurrence and genetic overlap with ulcerative colitis (UC), according to a study published in the August issue of Arthritis & Rheumatology.
Cirrhosis in Hepatitis C More Widespread Than Thought
THURSDAY, Aug. 27, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Severe liver damage may be four times more common among Americans with hepatitis C than previously believed, according to study findings published in the August issue of the American Journal of Gastroenterology.
Blood Test Predicts Relapse in Early-Stage Breast Cancer
THURSDAY, Aug. 27, 2015 (HealthDay News) — An experimental blood test may one day detect the return of early-stage breast cancer months before it is revealed by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, researchers report in the Aug. 26 issue of Science Translational Medicine.
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Many With Nonceliac Wheat Sensitivity Have Autoimmune Dz
THURSDAY, Aug. 27, 2015 (HealthDay News) — More patients with nonceliac wheat sensitivity (NCWS) and celiac disease (CD) than irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) develop autoimmune diseases (ADs), according to a study published in the September issue of Gastroenterology.
ERCC1 SNP Can Identify Good Prognosis in Nasopharyngeal CA
THURSDAY, Aug. 27, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Excision repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1) genotype for the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) cytosine-to-thymine substitution at codon 118 (C118T) interacts with post-radiotherapy plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA (pEBV) to identify favorable prognosis for a subgroup of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), according to a study published in the Aug. 15 issue of Cancer.
Antiviral Rx May Help Prevent Ebola, Small Study Suggests
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 26, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Antiviral drugs may help protect people from developing Ebola after exposure to the virus, a new case study suggests. The results were published online Aug. 25 in The Lancet Infectious Diseases.
Low Rates of HIV Testing in Gay and Bisexual Youth
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 26, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Gay and bisexual adolescent boys are much less likely to get tested for HIV than their older counterparts, researchers report. The study was published online Aug. 26 in the Journal of Adolescent Health.
Misdiagnosis of T2DM Reported in Patient With Hb Wayne
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 26, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Type 2 diabetes can be misdiagnosed in patients with hemoglobin (Hb) Wayne, according to a case report published online Aug. 20 in Diabetes Care.
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Genomic Approach Could Aid Risk Stratification in Adults With AML
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 26, 2015 (HealthDay News) — For adult patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML), persistent leukemia-associated mutations in ≥5 percent of bone marrow cells from remission samples is linked to increased risk of relapse and worse survival, according to a study published in the Aug. 25 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Lung Microbiome Similar With/Without HIV
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 26, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Lung microbiomes are similar in patients with and without HIV, although oral microbiomes do differ significantly, according to a study published online Aug. 6 in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.
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Circulating Tumor Cell Assays May Play Role in Managing Bladder CA
TUESDAY, Aug. 25, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Circulating tumor cell assays may have a role in the management of bladder cancer, according to a study published in the September issue of The Journal of Urology.
Too Few Blacks, Hispanics Pursuing Careers As Physicians
TUESDAY, Aug. 25, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Too few members of certain minority groups are pursuing careers in U.S. medicine, resulting in a serious lack of diversity among general practitioners and specialists, according to a research letter published online Aug. 24 in JAMA Internal Medicine.
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High Uric Acid Levels Linked to Greater Mortality
TUESDAY, Aug. 25, 2015 (HealthDay News) — High serum uric acid levels are associated with greater risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, but not cancer mortality, in elderly adults, according to a study published online Aug. 16 in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.
Perfluorinated Alkylate Levels Up in Breastfed Infants
MONDAY, Aug. 24, 2015 (HealthDay News) — New mothers may inadvertently pass industrial chemicals along to their infants through breastfeeding, which might lower the effectiveness of some childhood vaccinations, researchers report. The study was published online Aug. 20 in Environmental Science & Technology.
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Non-Invasive Laser Technique Accurately Detects Melanoma
FRIDAY, Aug. 21, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Researchers say they’ve developed a non-invasive test that can detect melanoma skin cancer without a biopsy. Their findings were published online Aug. 11 in Nature Scientific Reports.
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Significant Rise in Organic Food Recalls in the United States
FRIDAY, Aug. 21, 2015 (HealthDay News) — There has been a sharp rise in recalls of organic food products in the United States this year, according to a new report.
Health Highlights: Aug 20, 2015
Case Report: Hidradenoma Papilliferum in Pregnancy
FRIDAY, Aug. 21, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Hidradenoma papilliferum in association with pregnancy has been illustrated in a case report published online Aug. 12 in the Journal of Cutaneous Pathology.
Transplant Recipients Have Increased Melanoma Risk
FRIDAY, Aug. 21, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Organ transplant recipients have an increased risk of invasive melanoma, especially for regional-stage tumors, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology.
Breast CA Mortality Rate 3.3% for Women Diagnosed With DCIS
THURSDAY, Aug. 20, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Only 3 percent of women diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) will die of breast cancer within 20 years, and more aggressive treatment does not improve that high survival rate, according to a study published online Aug. 20 in JAMA Oncology.
Report Highlights Ways to Improve Physician Resilience
THURSDAY, Aug. 20, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Strategies can be adopted for improving physician resilience and the ability to handle the challenges presented by patient care, according to a report published by the American Medical Association (AMA).
BRAF V600 Is Targetable in Some Nonmelanoma Cancers
THURSDAY, Aug. 20, 2015 (HealthDay News) — For some, but not all, nonmelanoma cancers, BRAF V600 is a targetable oncogene, with activity seen in non-small-cell lung cancer and Erdheim-Chester disease and Langerhans’-cell histiocytosis, according to a study published in the Aug. 19 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Obesity May Fuel Breast CA Via Change in Breast Tissue Structure
THURSDAY, Aug. 20, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Obesity enhances local myofibroblast content and stiffness-promoting extracellular matrix (ECM) components in mammary adipose tissue, according to an experimental study published in the Aug. 19 issue of Science Translational Medicine.
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Role of SNP Variant in FTO Explored in Obesity
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 19, 2015 (HealthDay News) — A single nucleotide variant in the FTO obesity locus disrupts a conserved motif, which has obesity effects, according to a study published online Aug. 19 in the New England Journal of Medicine.
U.S. Should Reconsider Labeling of Genetically Modified Food
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 19, 2015 (HealthDay News) — The United States should reconsider labeling of genetically modified (GM) food, according to a perspective piece published in the Aug. 20 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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AM, PM Cortisol Tied to Brain, Cognitive Variances in Later Life
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 19, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Evening and morning cortisol levels in older people may be differentially associated with tissue volume in gray and white matter structures and cognitive function, according to a study published online Aug. 19 in Neurology.
FDA Reveals More Violations by Medical Scope Maker
TUESDAY, Aug. 18, 2015 (HealthDay News) — New violations by the maker of medical scopes recently linked to deadly infections in patients have been discovered by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
Health Highlights: Aug 18, 2015
Patterns of Vaginal Microbiota Linked to Preterm Delivery
TUESDAY, Aug. 18, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Certain patterns of vaginal microbiota are associated with higher risk of preterm delivery, according to a study published online Aug. 17 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Smoking Ups Risk of Some Renal Cell Cancer Histological Subtypes
MONDAY, Aug. 17, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Smoking is a risk factor for clear cell and papillary renal cell carcinoma, but not for the chromophobe subtype, according to a study published in the September issue of The Journal of Urology.
Serious Childhood Infection Tied to Metabolic Disease Later in Life
MONDAY, Aug. 17, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Infection-related hospitalization (IRH) during childhood is independently associated with adverse adult metabolic variables, according to a study published online Aug. 17 in Pediatrics.
Antigen Level Signals Response to Chemo for Pancreatic Cancer
MONDAY, Aug. 17, 2015 (HealthDay News) — A drop in carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 levels of more than 10 percent after two rounds of chemotherapy is associated with longer survival in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), according to a study published online Aug. 6 in the Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.
Earlier Oocyte Retrieval May Aid Older Women Undergoing IVF
FRIDAY, Aug. 14, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Earlier oocyte retrieval can help avoid premature follicular luteinization in older women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), according to a study published online Aug. 11 in the Journal of Endocrinology.
Genetic Variant Ups Risk of Graft-Versus-Host Disease in HSCT
FRIDAY, Aug. 14, 2015 (HealthDay News) — The risk of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with HLA-DPB1 mismatching is influenced by the HLA-DPB1 rs9277534 expression marker, according to a study published in the Aug. 13 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Insulin Resistance Tied to Signs of Cognitive Decline in Women
FRIDAY, Aug. 14, 2015 (HealthDay News) — A higher homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) score may be an early marker for an increased risk of cognitive decline in women, according to a study published online Aug. 12 in Diabetologia.
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RAD51 Mutations Confer Moderate Risk of Ovarian Cancer
FRIDAY, Aug. 14, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Deleterious mutations in RAD51C and RAD51D genes are associated with increased risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), according to a study published online Aug. 10 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
Multigene Test IDs More at Risk for Hereditary Breast/Ovarian CA
THURSDAY, Aug. 13, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Multigene testing for hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer (HBOC) identifies more mutations that are likely to change clinical management, according to a study published online Aug. 13 in JAMA Oncology.
Studies Highlight Advances in Vaccines for Human RSV
THURSDAY, Aug. 13, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored respiratory syncytial virus (PanAd3-RSV) vaccine candidate and a modified vaccinia Ankara (MBA-RSV) vaccine show potential for human RSV (HRSV), according to two studies published in the Aug. 12 issue of Science Translational Medicine.
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Troponin T Predicts Cardio Events in T2DM Patients With Stable IHD
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 12, 2015 (HealthDay News) — For patients with type 2 diabetes and stable ischemic heart disease, troponin T concentrations predict cardiovascular events, according to a study published in the Aug. 13 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Thalamic Dysconnectivity Seen in Those at Risk for Psychosis
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 12, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Among individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis, thalamic dysconnectivity is evident, according to a study published online Aug. 12 in JAMA Psychiatry.
Age Associated With Amyloid-β Kinetics
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 12, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Increasing age is associated with slowed amyloid-β (Aβ) turnover, according to a study published online July 20 in the Journal of Neurology.
Universal 3rd-Trimester Syphilis Rescreening Not Cost-Effective
TUESDAY, Aug. 11, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Universal third-trimester syphilis rescreening is not cost-effective given the national average seroconversion rate, according to a study published in the September issue of Obstetrics & Gynecology.
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ER-Based Test Finds High Prevalence of Hepatitis C
TUESDAY, Aug. 11, 2015 (HealthDay News) — An emergency department-based screening and diagnostic testing program identified high prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibody positivity in adults, according to a study published online Aug. 4 in the Annals of Emergency Medicine.
Study Compares Outcomes for Fresh, Cryopreserved Oocytes
TUESDAY, Aug. 11, 2015 (HealthDay News) — In vitro fertilization (IVF) with cryopreserved donor oocytes has lower cancellation rates and lower live birth rates compared with donor cycles using fresh oocytes, according to a research letter published in the Aug. 11 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Drones May Be Feasible for Transport of Lab Specimens
TUESDAY, Aug. 11, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Use of drones (unmanned aerial systems [UAS]) for transportation of laboratory specimens does not affect the accuracy of routine chemistry, hematology, and coagulation test results, according to a study published online July 29 in PLOS ONE.
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Nature of β-Cell Failure Tied to Glycemic Response to GLP-1RA
MONDAY, Aug. 10, 2015 (HealthDay News) — In patients with type 2 diabetes, characteristics and biomarkers of β-cell failure are associated with glycemic response to GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) therapy, according to a study published online Aug. 4 in Diabetes Care.
Increase in Chest CT Scans Leads to More Incidental Findings
MONDAY, Aug. 10, 2015 (HealthDay News) — The percentage of incidental pulmonary nodules identified increased from 2006 to 2012, according to a study published online July 27 in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.
Continuous Exercise Training After MI Beneficial in Mice
MONDAY, Aug. 10, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Continuous exercise training before and after myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with improved adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling in mice, according to a study published in the July 15 issue of the American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology.
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Stromal Catalase Deficiency Linked to Thymic Atrophy
MONDAY, Aug. 10, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Thymic atrophy seems to be accelerated by stromal catalase deficiency, and can be decreased by genetic complementation of catalase or chemical antioxidants, according to a study published online Aug. 6 in Cell Reports.
Many Hospitals Being Penalized for 30-Day Readmissions
FRIDAY, Aug. 7, 2015 (HealthDay News) — About half of the nation’s hospitals are being penalized by Medicare for having patients return within a month of discharge, losing a combined $420 million, according to a report published by Kaiser Health.
Body Levels of Trace Metals Linked to Odds of Glaucoma
FRIDAY, Aug. 7, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Blood manganese and mercury levels are negatively and positively associated with glaucoma, respectively, according to a study published online Aug. 6 in JAMA Ophthalmology.
HIV Cells Multiply Despite Effective Antiretroviral Therapy
THURSDAY, Aug. 6, 2015 (HealthDay News) — HIV can continue to multiply in patients who are responding well to antiretroviral therapy, U.K. researchers say. Findings from the study were published online Aug. 4 in EBioMedicine.
Chronic HCV Diagnosed in 4.2 Percent of Inpatient Cohort
THURSDAY, Aug. 6, 2015 (HealthDay News) — A hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening program diagnosed chronic HCV infection in 4.2 percent of baby boomers tested, according to a study published in the August issue of the Journal of Hospital Medicine.
Current Cleaning Protocols Not Enough for Endoscopes
THURSDAY, Aug. 6, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Despite adherence to current U.S. reprocessing guidelines, microbes and biologic debris persist on endoscopes, according to research published in the Aug. 1 issue of the American Journal of Infection Control.
Sleeping on Side May Be More Efficient for ‘Clearing Brain’
THURSDAY, Aug. 6, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Removal of waste, including soluble amyloid β (Aβ), from the brain may be most efficient in the lateral versus the prone position, according to an experimental study published in the Aug. 5 issue of the Journal of Neuroscience.
CDC: Action Needed to Better Control Drug-Resistant Infections
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 5, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Almost $8 billion in hospital bills could be avoided over five years by halting the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, according to the Vital Signs report published Aug. 4 in the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
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Bacterial Biofilms Identified in Ocular Prosthesis
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 5, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Bacterial biofilms are associated with ocular prostheses, according to a letter to the editor published in the August issue of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology.
Chloride Levels Linked to Mortality in Heart Failure
TUESDAY, Aug. 4, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Serum chloride levels at admission are associated with mortality among patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), according to a study published in the Aug. 11 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Revised Staging System Prognostic for Multiple Myeloma
TUESDAY, Aug. 4, 2015 (HealthDay News) — The International Staging System (ISS) combined with chromosomal abnormalities (CA) detected by interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization after CD138 plasma cell purification and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) has prognostic value in newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), according to a study published online Aug. 3 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
WHO: ‘Ring’ Vaccination for Ebola Very Promising
MONDAY, Aug. 3, 2015 (HealthDay News) — An experimental Ebola vaccine appears highly effective, according to an interim analysis of findings from a clinical trial being conducted in the West African nation of Guinea. An independent body of international experts conducted the review and recommended that the trial of the VSV-EBOV vaccine continue. The findings were published online July 31 in The Lancet.
Urine Test May Help ID Pancreatic Cancer Earlier
MONDAY, Aug. 3, 2015 (HealthDay News) — Scientists report that they have developed a urine test that may detect pancreatic cancer at an early stage. The findings were published in the Aug. 1 issue of Clinical Cancer Research.
Novel Stem Cell Approach Promising for Heart Failure
MONDAY, Aug. 3, 2015 (HealthDay News) — A new method for delivering stem cells to damaged heart muscle has shown early promise in treating severe heart failure, researchers report online July 27 in Stem Cells Translational Medicine.
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