Decreases of 64 percent for females aged 14 to 19 years, 34 percent for those aged 20 to 24 years
TUESDAY, Feb. 23, 2016 (HealthDay News) — Introduction of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has correlated with a reduction in quadrivalent HPV (4vHPV) type prevalence among females aged 14 to 19 and 20 to 24 years, according to a study published online Feb. 22 in Pediatrics.
Lauri E. Markowitz, M.D., from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, and colleagues analyzed HPV DNA prevalence in cervicovaginal specimens from females aged 14 to 34 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for the prevaccine era (2003 to 2006) and four years of the vaccine era (2009 to 2012). They compared the prevalence of 4vHPV types (HPV-6, -11, -16, and -18) and other HPV type categories.
The researchers found that there was a decrease in 4vHPV prevalence between the prevaccine and vaccine eras, from 11.5 to 4.3 percent (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR], 0.36) and from 18.5 to 12.1 percent (aPR, 0.66) among females aged 14 to 19 and 20 to 24 years, respectively. Older age groups had no decrease in 4vHPV type prevalence. Among sexually active females aged 14 to 24 years, within the vaccine era, 4vHPV type prevalence was lower in vaccinated (one or more dose) versus unvaccinated females (2.1 versus 16.9 percent; aPR, 0.11).
“This finding extends previous observations of population impact in the United States and demonstrates the first national evidence of impact among females in their 20s,” the authors write.
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